How much cash to take when travelling

Cards are accepted almost everywhere, but cash is still essential in many situations. The right amount depends on your destination, not on a general rule.

The declaration threshold

From 10 000 € in cash or equivalent (all currencies combined, plus traveller's cheques and gold), you must complete a customs declaration when leaving or entering the European Union, and also when travelling between France and another EU country. Below that amount, there is nothing to do.

Where cash really matters

• Japan, Germany, Austria: cards are less widely accepted than people think, especially in small shops and restaurants.
• Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt: tips, taxis, markets and small hotels run on cash; local currency can be bought before you leave or on arrival, but cash machines have low withdrawal limits.
• United States: cards are accepted everywhere, but tips and small amounts are paid in cash.
• Thailand, Vietnam: cash is the norm outside the big cities.

Reading an exchange rate

A bureau de change displays two rates: the rate at which it sells the currency (‘we sell’) and the rate at which it buys it back (‘we buy’). The difference between the two is its margin; there is no hidden commission when this spread is displayed. To compare two offers, look at how much currency you receive for 100 €, fees included. Cash machines abroad and airport bureaux de change often add fixed fees or apply a less favourable rate.

How much to take

A practical rule of thumb: enough to cover the first two days (transport from the airport, your first meal, tips), i.e. 100 to 200 € per person, then top up locally if needed. Ask for small denominations: a 100-dollar note is hard to break in a taxi.